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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lopkaŋdem | om lopkaŋde |
| 2SG: | lopkaŋdet | ot lopkaŋde |
| 3SG: | lopkaŋda | ok/ogeš lopkaŋde |
| 1PL: | lopkaŋdena | ona/ogə̑na lopkaŋde |
| 2PL: | lopkaŋdeda | oda/ogə̑da lopkaŋde |
| 3PL: | lopkaŋdat | ogə̑t lopkaŋde |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lopkaŋdə̑šə̑m | šə̑m lopkaŋde |
| 2SG: | lopkaŋdə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ lopkaŋde |
| 3SG: | lopkaŋdə̑š | ə̑š lopkaŋde |
| 1PL: | lopkaŋdə̑šna | ə̑šna lopkaŋde |
| 2PL: | lopkaŋdə̑šda | ə̑šda lopkaŋde |
| 3PL: | lopkaŋdə̑št | ə̑št lopkaŋde |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lopkaŋdenam | lopkaŋden omə̑l |
| 2SG: | lopkaŋdenat | lopkaŋden otə̑l |
| 3SG: | lopkaŋden | lopkaŋden ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | lopkaŋdenna | lopkaŋden onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | lopkaŋdenda | lopkaŋden odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | lopkaŋdenə̑t | lopkaŋden ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lopkaŋdem ə̑l'e | om lopkaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | lopkaŋdet ə̑l'e | ot lopkaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | lopkaŋda ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš lopkaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | lopkaŋdena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na lopkaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | lopkaŋdeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da lopkaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | lopkaŋdat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t lopkaŋde ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lopkaŋdem ulmaš | om lopkaŋde ulmaš |
| 2SG: | lopkaŋdet ulmaš | ot lopkaŋde ulmaš |
| 3SG: | lopkaŋda ulmaš | ok/ogeš lopkaŋde ulmaš |
| 1PL: | lopkaŋdena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na lopkaŋde ulmaš |
| 2PL: | lopkaŋdeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da lopkaŋde ulmaš |
| 3PL: | lopkaŋdat ulmaš | ogə̑t lopkaŋde ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lopkaŋdenam ə̑l'e | lopkaŋden omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | lopkaŋdenat ə̑l'e | lopkaŋden otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | lopkaŋden ə̑l'e | lopkaŋden ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | lopkaŋdenna ə̑l'e | lopkaŋden onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | lopkaŋdenda ə̑l'e | lopkaŋden odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | lopkaŋden ə̑l'e | lopkaŋden ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lopkaŋdenam ulmaš | lopkaŋden omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | lopkaŋdenat ulmaš | lopkaŋden otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | lopkaŋden ulmaš | lopkaŋden ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | lopkaŋdenna ulmaš | lopkaŋden onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | lopkaŋdenda ulmaš | lopkaŋden odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | lopkaŋden ulmaš | lopkaŋden ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | lopkaŋde | it lopkaŋde |
| 3SG: | lopkaŋdə̑že | ə̑nže lopkaŋde |
| 1PL: | (lopkaŋdena) | (ona/ogə̑na lopkaŋde) |
| 2PL: | lopkaŋdə̑za | ida lopkaŋde |
| 3PL: | lopkaŋdə̑št | ə̑nə̑št lopkaŋde |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lopkaŋdə̑nem | ə̑nem lopkaŋde |
| 2SG: | lopkaŋdə̑net | ə̑net lopkaŋde |
| 3SG: | lopkaŋdə̑neže | ə̑než lopkaŋde |
| 1PL: | lopkaŋdə̑nena | ə̑nena lopkaŋde |
| 2PL: | lopkaŋdə̑neda | ə̑neda lopkaŋde |
| 3PL: | lopkaŋdə̑nešt | ə̑nešt lopkaŋde |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | lopkaŋdə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem lopkaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | lopkaŋdə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net lopkaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | lopkaŋdə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než lopkaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | lopkaŋdə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena lopkaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | lopkaŋdə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda lopkaŋde ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | lopkaŋdə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt lopkaŋde ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | lopkaŋdə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net lopkaŋde ulmaš |
| 3SG: | lopkaŋdə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než lopkaŋde ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | lopkaŋdə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda lopkaŋde ulmaš |
| 3PL: | lopkaŋdə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt lopkaŋde ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | lopkaŋdaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | lopkaŋdə̑man |
| Active participle: | lopkaŋdə̑še |
| Passive participle: | lopkaŋdə̑me |
| Future-necessitive participle: | lopkaŋdə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | lopkaŋdə̑də̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | lopkaŋden |
| Negative gerund: | lopkaŋdə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | lopkaŋdə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | lopkaŋdə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | lopkaŋdə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | lopkaŋdə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | lopkaŋdə̑də̑maš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||